Human values are defined as: "The virtues that
guide a person to consider the human element when interacting with
others." They are also defined as: "The desired goals of a person
that are effective through their actions, ranked according to their importance
to them, guiding their choices, and evaluating their behavior."
Human values provide us with the means to understand
the attitudes, motivations, and behaviors of other nations, influence our
perception of the world around us, and establish standards for determining
right and wrong within the human context, thus offering a way to understand
humanity.
These universal values originate from the
"Constitution of Medina," which contains fifty-two articles, all
based on the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) perspective. Twenty-five of
its articles pertain to the affairs of Muslims, and twenty-seven relate to the
relationship between Muslims and followers of other religions. This document
was written immediately after the Prophet Muhammad's migration (peace be upon
him) to Medina, with the aim of improving relations between the various sects
and groups in the city, most notably the Muhajirun (immigrants), the Ansar
(helpers), the Jewish factions, and others, and to counter any external
aggression against the city. With the signing of this document, all human
rights were guaranteed, such as the right to freedom of belief and the practice
of religious rites, and equality and justice among the various sects and groups
in the city.
Universal values are inherent in humanity and
include respect, freedom, justice, equality, love, responsibility, honesty,
courage, goodness, human fraternity, human dignity, pluralism, and diversity.
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