Ihsan towards God is: “To worship
God as if one sees Him, for even if one does not see Him, God sees Him.” Ihsan
towards the rights of creation is: “To offer all kinds of benefits to any
creature, but it varies according to the recipient, their rights and status,
the nature of the act of kindness, its significance, its great benefit, the
faith and sincerity of the benefactor, and the reason that motivates him to do
so” (Ad-Durar As-Sunniyyah). Al-Raghib said: “Kindness is of two kinds: the
first is bestowing favors upon others, and the second is doing good deeds,
whether through good knowledge or good actions.”
The Quran encourages kindness in
several places, such as in the verse: “Indeed, Allah commands justice and
kindness and giving to relatives and forbids immorality and wrongdoing and
oppression. He admonishes you that perhaps you will be reminded.” (Surat An-Nahl:
90); and in the verse: “Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous
deeds - indeed, We will not let their deeds go unrewarded.” The reward of those
who do good deeds” (Surat Al-Kahf: 30); and His Most High saying: “Yes, whoever
submits himself to Allah while being a doer of good - then his reward is with
his Lord, and there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve”
(Surat Al-Baqarah: 12); and His Most High saying: “There is no blame upon those
who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have eaten [in the past] if
they fear Allah” And they believed and did righteous deeds, then they feared
Allah and believed, then they feared Allah and did good. And Allah loves the
doers of good. (Quran 5:93) And He said: “And spend in the cause of Allah and
do not throw yourselves into destruction [by withholding]. And do good. Indeed,
Allah loves the doers of good.” (Quran 2:195)
Likewise, the Sunnah of the Prophet
encouraged The noble virtue of benevolence is mentioned in many hadiths of the
Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, such as what was narrated on
the authority of Abdullah bin Amr - may God be pleased with them both - who
said: “A man came to the Prophet of God, may God bless him and grant him peace,
and said: I pledge allegiance to you for migration and jihad, seeking reward
from God. He said: Are either of your parents alive? He said: Yes, both of
them. He said: Do you seek reward from God?” He said: Yes. He said: Then go
back to your parents and treat them well. (Narrated by: Abdullah bin Amr;
Source: Sahih Muslim). And what was narrated on the authority of Shaddad bin
Aws, may God be pleased with him, who said: I memorized two things from the
Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him. He said: “God has prescribed
excellence in all things. So when you kill, kill in an excellent manner, and
when you slaughter, slaughter in an excellent manner. Let one of you sharpen
his knife and let him put his animal at ease.” (Narrated by: Shaddad bin Aws;
Source: Sunan Abu Dawud). And what was narrated on the authority of Sulayman
bin Amr bin Al-Ahwas, who said: My father told me that he witnessed the
Farewell Pilgrimage with the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him.
He praised God and glorified Him, and he reminded and admonished. He mentioned
a story in the hadith and said: “Beware of treating women well, for they are
your partners and you do not own anything from them except that…” If they
commit a clear act of immorality, then separate yourselves from them in bed and
strike them lightly. If they obey you, then do not seek any way to harm them.
Indeed, you have rights over your wives, and your wives have rights over you.
As for your right over your wives, it is that they do not allow anyone you
dislike to enter your homes or sit on your beds. And as for their right over
you, it is that you treat them well in clothing and food. (Narrated by: Amr ibn
al-Ahwas; Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi)
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